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Africa Watch

Benin Bronzes Return Home, But Nigeria’s Political Rift Threatens Their Future

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When the first crates of Benin Bronzes began arriving back in Nigeria, many believed the long-awaited homecoming of the world-renowned artifacts would close a painful chapter of colonial plunder.

Instead, their return has opened a new battle; this time not with Europe, but within Nigeria itself.

The masterpieces, looted by British troops in 1897 from the royal palace of the Kingdom of Benin, had been held for more than a century in some of the world’s most prestigious museums, including the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

After years of pressure, several Western institutions finally agreed to return portions of their collections.

But as some of the stolen treasures made their way home, the question of who should rightfully house, manage, and present them ignited a political storm.

A Triumph Undone by Turf Wars

Reporting from Nigeria, journalist Alex Marshall found the return process far more fraught than the celebratory headlines suggested. For years, European museums had coordinated with Nigerian officials to build a state-of-the-art facility — the Museum of West African Art (MOWAA) — to guarantee the Bronzes would be safeguarded to international conservation standards.

Security.
Climate control.
Preservation labs.
A space worthy of the objects’ global stature.

The plan seemed settled — until the Oba of Benin, the traditional ruler and direct descendant of the dynasty from which the artifacts were stolen, intervened.

“These items are royal heirlooms,” the palace argued. “They belong to the Oba and the people of Benin.”

It was a claim rooted in history — and emotion. And it upended everything.

Two Custodians, One Heritage

What was once a unified effort has now splintered into competing visions.
On one side: Nigeria’s federal institutions and partners championing MOWAA, emphasizing conservation technology and global accessibility.

On the other: the Benin Palace, asserting traditional ownership and demanding a direct role in stewardship.

Caught in between are the artifacts themselves — brass plaques, carved ivory tusks, and sculptural designs so structurally and aesthetically advanced that early European scholars could scarcely believe Africans created them.

To this day, scholars describe the Bronzes as futuristic in design and unmatched in craftsmanship.

“The Hard Part Starts After Repatriation”

Marshall’s reporting underscores a difficult truth: for all the moral clarity surrounding the artifacts’ return, their restoration to Nigeria has highlighted long-standing tensions over cultural authority, governance, and identity.

“There’s this assumption that once you get the objects home, the story ends,” Marshall noted. “But with the Benin Bronzes, the real complexity begins after repatriation.”

With thousands of artifacts scattered across multiple institutions — some in Europe, some now back in Nigeria — the struggle is not just logistical but symbolic.

Who gets to tell the story of Benin?
Who protects its legacy?
And how does a nation reconcile traditional claims with modern museum standards?

What’s at Stake

Beyond pride and politics lies a practical concern: preservation.
The Bronzes require highly controlled environments to prevent corrosion and long-term degradation. Their survival depends on facilities equipped for 21st-century conservation — and Nigeria’s institutions, still navigating overlapping authorities, must decide quickly.

Because the world is watching. And the stakes are nothing less than the future of Africa’s most famous cultural treasures.

Africa Watch

United States Intensifies Operation in Nigeria as 3 Military Aircraft Deliver Ammunition and More Troops

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At least three United States military transport aircraft landed at the Bornu Military Airbase (Maiduguri) and other northeastern bases between Thursday and Friday, February 12–13, 2026.

Reports by Nigerian newspaper Punch, the aircraft delivered ammunition, logistics support, and the vanguard of a planned deployment of American personnel, citing multiple defence sources.

The arrivals were first noted by The New York Times, which reported that C-17 Globemaster III cargo planes landed in Maiduguri on Thursday night, with three aircraft visible by Friday evening as equipment was offloaded. Additional flights were expected over the weekend and in the coming weeks.

A US Department of Defense official described the initial landings as “the vanguard of what will be a stream of C-17 transport flights into three main locations across Nigeria.”

Senior Nigerian Defence Headquarters officers, speaking anonymously to Sunday Punch, confirmed the aircraft carried ammunition supplied by the US government as part of ongoing bilateral security cooperation.

One officer stated:

“Following Nigeria-US bilateral talks on security, the American government will not only deploy soldiers but also provide necessary logistics, including ammunition, to fight the insurgents.”

Another high-ranking source explained that the deliveries were routine replenishment of ammunition stocks after operations, noting that Nigeria’s military frequently requires resupply of various calibres.

The officers described the support as coordinated under the National Security Adviser and part of a broader partnership to end insecurity.

A separate X post by counter-terrorism tracker @mobilisingniger reported that a US Air Force C-130J-30 cargo aircraft landed at Kaduna International Airport on Friday after departing from Ghana, fuelling speculation that Kaduna could serve as a training hub for US personnel working with the Nigerian military.

The deployment aligns with President Donald Trump’s 2025 declaration that he would send US forces to Nigeria if the government failed to address what he called “genocide against Christians,” followed by Nigeria’s designation as a Country of Particular Concern. The US carried out an airstrike on Islamic State fighters in Sokoto State on Christmas Day 2025, and bilateral engagements have since deepened.

Experts offered mixed but largely pragmatic assessments. Retired Nigerian Army Intelligence officer Chris Andrew clarified that the arrivals involve technical trainers, drone specialists, and intelligence advisers — not combat troops. He noted recent improvements in Nigerian air operations following US training and suggested Nigeria should seize the opportunity to host a drone base (potentially in Sambisa Forest) after the US withdrawal from Niger.

When U.S. launched strikes against terrorists in Sokoto in December 2025, Security analyst and international intelligence expert Kasambata Yaro cautioned that even a legally sanctioned military operation can generate unease across the region.

“Although Nigeria’s explicit consent addresses the fundamental legal question of sovereignty,” Yaro told Ghana News Global, “the broader regional implications remain complex.”

Nigerian security analyst Chidi Omeje has also told Punch that any cooperation must preserve Nigerian sovereignty, with no foreign troops conducting operations without approval.

The US deployment is expected to focus on targeted counter-terrorism support, drone operations, precision air capabilities, and training to protect vulnerable communities, particularly Christians in the northeast.

No official joint statement has been issued by the Nigerian Defence Headquarters or the US Embassy as of February 16, 2026, but the arrivals signal a significant deepening of US–Nigeria security cooperation amid persistent Boko Haram and ISWAP threats.

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Africa Watch

Ghana Elected First Vice-Chair of African Union for 2026 as Burundi Assumes Chairmanship

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Ghana has been elected First Vice-Chair of the African Union (AU) for 2026 during the 46th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on February 14, 2026.

President John Dramani Mahama’s nomination was unanimously endorsed by AU member states, placing Ghana in the second-highest leadership position of the continental body for the coming year.

Burundi’s President Évariste Ndayishimiye officially assumed the AU Chairmanship, succeeding Angola’s João Lourenço, while the full Bureau now reflects balanced regional representation across Africa’s five geographic zones.

The election underscores Ghana’s growing diplomatic influence and its active role in advancing the AU’s core priorities: deepening continental integration, accelerating the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), strengthening peace and security mechanisms, mobilising climate finance, and advancing institutional reforms.

In this photo taken on February 4, 2023, Burundi’s President Evariste Ndayishimiye awaits the arrival of guests during the extraordinary Summit of East African Community Heads of State at the state house in Bujumbura, Burundi. © AFP

During the summit, President Mahama delivered remarks reinforcing Ghana’s commitment to these goals, including renewed calls for regional manufacturing hubs, vaccine production capacity, and a UN resolution on reparatory justice for the transatlantic slave trade. Ghana’s First Vice-Chair position will give the country a prominent platform to champion these issues over the next 12 months.

The 46th AU Summit, held February 13–18, 2026, adopted the 2026 theme “Assuring Sustainable Water Availability and Safe Sanitation Systems to Achieve the Goals of Agenda 2063,” with leaders also addressing ongoing conflicts, debt burdens, and global economic pressures affecting Africa.

Ghana’s elevation to First Vice-Chair is widely seen as recognition of its consistent advocacy for Pan-African unity, democratic governance, and economic transformation — principles central to the “Reset Ghana” agenda.

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Africa Watch

Ghana Continues Push for UN Resolution on Transatlantic Slave Trade Reparations at AU Summit

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Ghana has formally urged the African Union (AU) to rally continental support for a proposed United Nations resolution seeking international acknowledgment, accountability, and reparatory justice for the transatlantic slave trade and its enduring legacies.

The call was made during the 46th Ordinary Session of the AU Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa on February 13, 2026.

Ghana’s delegation, led by President John Dramani Mahama, stated that the resolution — currently under discussion at the UN — aims to establish a global framework for formal apology, acknowledgment of historical harm, educational reforms, economic reparations, and debt cancellation for affected nations.

Ghana argued that the slave trade, which forcibly removed an estimated 12–15 million Africans between the 15th and 19th centuries, created lasting structural inequalities, underdevelopment, and racial injustice that persist today. The country positioned the resolution as a moral, legal, and economic imperative for global healing and development justice.

Key elements Ghana is advocating for in the UN text include:

  • Official recognition of the transatlantic slave trade as a crime against humanity
  • Establishment of an international reparations mechanism
  • Support for education curricula reforms worldwide to teach the full history and impact of the trade
  • Debt relief and development financing for African nations as partial reparatory measures
  • Preservation and digitisation of slave trade archives and memorials

The proposal builds on Ghana’s long-standing leadership on reparations, including the 2019 Year of Return, the establishment of the Emancipation Day holiday, and hosting of multiple Pan-African reparations conferences. It also aligns with the AU’s 2025 Theme of the Year: “Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations.”

Ghana’s delegation called on fellow AU member states to co-sponsor the resolution, lobby permanent members of the UN Security Council, and mobilise support in the General Assembly. Several leaders expressed solidarity during closed-door discussions, with follow-up coordination expected through the AU’s Committee of Fifteen on Reparations.

The move reflects Ghana’s continued role as a voice for historical justice and Pan-African solidarity on the global stage.

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