Africa Watch
AES Unveils New Regional ID and Passport System as Bloc Deepens Its Split From ECOWAS
Burkina Faso has taken a decisive step in cementing the sovereignty of the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), with President Ibrahim Traoré becoming the first leader in the bloc to receive a new AES biometric identity card.
The symbolic handover on Monday, December 1, 2025, conducted by Security Minister Mahamoudou Sana, marks the beginning of a major regional shift: a unified identification and travel-document regime designed to define the AES as an independent political structure, no longer tethered to ECOWAS systems or symbols.
For a bloc that has spent the past two years rewriting its place in West Africa, this moment is more than administrative housekeeping. It is an assertion of political identity.
Traoré’s ID card is the first issued under a sweeping AES-wide program to create a uniform biometric identity system and a shared AES passport — a document that was first unveiled earlier this year and immediately signaled the confederation’s ambition to build parallel institutions rivaling those of ECOWAS.
Burkina Faso’s Council of Ministers approved the new identity card system on November 6, 2025, clearing the way for a 10-year biometric card that meets international standards and embeds sophisticated security features.
The card will be available to all Burkinabè from age five and will serve as the country’s primary legal identification tool. Old ID cards will remain valid for a five-year transitional period before being fully phased out across Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger.
Crucially, ECOWAS logos have already been stripped from Burkina Faso’s passports — a quiet but telling break from decades of regional alignment.
The new AES ID and passport system is designed to operate with its own rules, its own architecture, and its own political messaging. Both documents carry encrypted biometric chips compliant with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards, reflecting a deliberate move toward global interoperability without ECOWAS oversight.
Supporters of the reform say the AES identification overhaul will enhance national security, streamline access to public services, and give the bloc full control over its data infrastructure — a strategic win in a region long dependent on external systems and political frameworks.
For the AES leadership, these documents are more than travel papers or ID cards. They are nation-building tools — the administrative backbone needed to support future plans for cross-border trade, joint infrastructure projects, and a fully integrated regional market.
As Burkina Faso leads the rollout, Mali and Niger are expected to follow in the coming months. For observers across West Africa, the quiet efficiency of the new system signals a bloc steadily laying down the institutions it believes it needs to stand on its own.
The AES Confederation is a confederation formed between Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, all located in the Sahel region of Africa. It originated as a mutual defense pact created on September 16, 2023 following the 2023 Nigerien crisis, in which the West African political bloc ECOWAS threatened to intervene militarily following a successful coup d’état in Niger earlier that year. All three member states are former members of ECOWAS and currently under the control of juntas following a string of successful coups, the 2021 Malian coup d’état, the September 2022 Burkina Faso coup d’état, and the 2023 Niger coup d’état. The confederation was established on July 6, 2024.
Whether the AES can translate these administrative milestones into long-term regional stability remains to be seen.
But this week’s issuance of the first AES ID card makes one thing clear: the trio of Sahel states is building a new political identity — document by document, system by system.
Africa Watch
United States Intensifies Operation in Nigeria as 3 Military Aircraft Deliver Ammunition and More Troops
At least three United States military transport aircraft landed at the Bornu Military Airbase (Maiduguri) and other northeastern bases between Thursday and Friday, February 12–13, 2026.
Reports by Nigerian newspaper Punch, the aircraft delivered ammunition, logistics support, and the vanguard of a planned deployment of American personnel, citing multiple defence sources.
The arrivals were first noted by The New York Times, which reported that C-17 Globemaster III cargo planes landed in Maiduguri on Thursday night, with three aircraft visible by Friday evening as equipment was offloaded. Additional flights were expected over the weekend and in the coming weeks.
A US Department of Defense official described the initial landings as “the vanguard of what will be a stream of C-17 transport flights into three main locations across Nigeria.”
Senior Nigerian Defence Headquarters officers, speaking anonymously to Sunday Punch, confirmed the aircraft carried ammunition supplied by the US government as part of ongoing bilateral security cooperation.
“Following Nigeria-US bilateral talks on security, the American government will not only deploy soldiers but also provide necessary logistics, including ammunition, to fight the insurgents.”
Another high-ranking source explained that the deliveries were routine replenishment of ammunition stocks after operations, noting that Nigeria’s military frequently requires resupply of various calibres.
The officers described the support as coordinated under the National Security Adviser and part of a broader partnership to end insecurity.
A separate X post by counter-terrorism tracker @mobilisingniger reported that a US Air Force C-130J-30 cargo aircraft landed at Kaduna International Airport on Friday after departing from Ghana, fuelling speculation that Kaduna could serve as a training hub for US personnel working with the Nigerian military.
The deployment aligns with President Donald Trump’s 2025 declaration that he would send US forces to Nigeria if the government failed to address what he called “genocide against Christians,” followed by Nigeria’s designation as a Country of Particular Concern. The US carried out an airstrike on Islamic State fighters in Sokoto State on Christmas Day 2025, and bilateral engagements have since deepened.
Experts offered mixed but largely pragmatic assessments. Retired Nigerian Army Intelligence officer Chris Andrew clarified that the arrivals involve technical trainers, drone specialists, and intelligence advisers — not combat troops. He noted recent improvements in Nigerian air operations following US training and suggested Nigeria should seize the opportunity to host a drone base (potentially in Sambisa Forest) after the US withdrawal from Niger.
When U.S. launched strikes against terrorists in Sokoto in December 2025, Security analyst and international intelligence expert Kasambata Yaro cautioned that even a legally sanctioned military operation can generate unease across the region.
“Although Nigeria’s explicit consent addresses the fundamental legal question of sovereignty,” Yaro told Ghana News Global, “the broader regional implications remain complex.”
Nigerian security analyst Chidi Omeje has also told Punch that any cooperation must preserve Nigerian sovereignty, with no foreign troops conducting operations without approval.
The US deployment is expected to focus on targeted counter-terrorism support, drone operations, precision air capabilities, and training to protect vulnerable communities, particularly Christians in the northeast.
No official joint statement has been issued by the Nigerian Defence Headquarters or the US Embassy as of February 16, 2026, but the arrivals signal a significant deepening of US–Nigeria security cooperation amid persistent Boko Haram and ISWAP threats.
Africa Watch
Ghana Elected First Vice-Chair of African Union for 2026 as Burundi Assumes Chairmanship
Ghana has been elected First Vice-Chair of the African Union (AU) for 2026 during the 46th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on February 14, 2026.
President John Dramani Mahama’s nomination was unanimously endorsed by AU member states, placing Ghana in the second-highest leadership position of the continental body for the coming year.
Burundi’s President Évariste Ndayishimiye officially assumed the AU Chairmanship, succeeding Angola’s João Lourenço, while the full Bureau now reflects balanced regional representation across Africa’s five geographic zones.
The election underscores Ghana’s growing diplomatic influence and its active role in advancing the AU’s core priorities: deepening continental integration, accelerating the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), strengthening peace and security mechanisms, mobilising climate finance, and advancing institutional reforms.

During the summit, President Mahama delivered remarks reinforcing Ghana’s commitment to these goals, including renewed calls for regional manufacturing hubs, vaccine production capacity, and a UN resolution on reparatory justice for the transatlantic slave trade. Ghana’s First Vice-Chair position will give the country a prominent platform to champion these issues over the next 12 months.
The 46th AU Summit, held February 13–18, 2026, adopted the 2026 theme “Assuring Sustainable Water Availability and Safe Sanitation Systems to Achieve the Goals of Agenda 2063,” with leaders also addressing ongoing conflicts, debt burdens, and global economic pressures affecting Africa.
Ghana’s elevation to First Vice-Chair is widely seen as recognition of its consistent advocacy for Pan-African unity, democratic governance, and economic transformation — principles central to the “Reset Ghana” agenda.
Africa Watch
Ghana Continues Push for UN Resolution on Transatlantic Slave Trade Reparations at AU Summit
Ghana has formally urged the African Union (AU) to rally continental support for a proposed United Nations resolution seeking international acknowledgment, accountability, and reparatory justice for the transatlantic slave trade and its enduring legacies.
The call was made during the 46th Ordinary Session of the AU Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa on February 13, 2026.
Ghana’s delegation, led by President John Dramani Mahama, stated that the resolution — currently under discussion at the UN — aims to establish a global framework for formal apology, acknowledgment of historical harm, educational reforms, economic reparations, and debt cancellation for affected nations.
Ghana argued that the slave trade, which forcibly removed an estimated 12–15 million Africans between the 15th and 19th centuries, created lasting structural inequalities, underdevelopment, and racial injustice that persist today. The country positioned the resolution as a moral, legal, and economic imperative for global healing and development justice.
Key elements Ghana is advocating for in the UN text include:
- Official recognition of the transatlantic slave trade as a crime against humanity
- Establishment of an international reparations mechanism
- Support for education curricula reforms worldwide to teach the full history and impact of the trade
- Debt relief and development financing for African nations as partial reparatory measures
- Preservation and digitisation of slave trade archives and memorials
The proposal builds on Ghana’s long-standing leadership on reparations, including the 2019 Year of Return, the establishment of the Emancipation Day holiday, and hosting of multiple Pan-African reparations conferences. It also aligns with the AU’s 2025 Theme of the Year: “Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations.”
Ghana’s delegation called on fellow AU member states to co-sponsor the resolution, lobby permanent members of the UN Security Council, and mobilise support in the General Assembly. Several leaders expressed solidarity during closed-door discussions, with follow-up coordination expected through the AU’s Committee of Fifteen on Reparations.
The move reflects Ghana’s continued role as a voice for historical justice and Pan-African solidarity on the global stage.
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