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Africa Watch

Almost 1 Million Migrants Trapped in Libya’s Hell as Ghana Rescues 144

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On Tuesday evening, 144 Ghanaian nationals touched down at Kotoka International Airport in Ghana. They were exhausted, traumatized, and grateful to be alive.

Their return, facilitated by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) under the Voluntary Humanitarian Return (VHR) Programme, marked the end of a nightmare that had trapped them in Libya’s brutal migrant detention system.

But for the nearly 1 million other migrants still in the North African transit hub, the nightmare continues.

According to the IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix, an estimated 936,134 migrants were present in Libya as of January–February 2026, representing a slight decrease from the record high of 939,638 recorded in November–December 2025. The unofficial number is believed to be much higher.

These migrants—predominantly from Sudan (36%), Niger (20%), Egypt (19%), and Chad (9%)—have converged on Libya in search of economic opportunity or as a launching point for the perilous Central Mediterranean crossing to Europe. Yet for the vast majority, Libya has become a prison, not a gateway.

84% Have No Legal Status

The numbers are staggering. A large majority of migrants in Libya lack legal documentation, with 84 per cent reporting no residency or work permits. This renders them virtually invisible to the state and uniquely vulnerable to exploitation, arbitrary detention, forced labor, and extortion.

Economic hardship remains the most widely reported challenge, affecting over two-thirds of migrants. But beyond poverty lies a systematic cruelty. Migrants are held in detention centres across the country—some 5,700 refugees and migrants are currently in official detention, with 3,300 of them vulnerable to ongoing fighting in and around Tripoli.

In September 2025, around 900 detainees—including 400 Sudanese and others from Bangladesh, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia—were held in the Tobruk detention centre in a facility built for just 150. In February 2025, leaked videos showed the beating and whipping of migrants and asylum seekers, including children, by officials at the Ajdabiya detention facility.

The Deadliest Crossing on Earth

For those who escape detention and attempt the Mediterranean crossing, the odds are grim. The Central Mediterranean route remains the world’s deadliest migration corridor.

In 2026 alone, at least 865 people have already been reported dead or missing along the route. Around 765 of those deaths occurred in the Central Mediterranean—an increase of more than 150 per cent compared to the same period last year. Across the Mediterranean as a whole, at least 990 deaths have been recorded in 2026, making it one of the deadliest starts to a year since 2014.

“We are witnessing a horrifying surge in deaths at Europe’s doorstep,” said IOM Director General Amy Pope. “Saving lives must come first. But we also need stronger, unified efforts to stop traffickers and smugglers from exploiting vulnerable people.”

Ghana’s Lifeline—and Its Limits

The repatriation of 144 Ghanaians is a small but significant humanitarian victory. The returnees arrived in two batches on July 14, 2026, and were received by officials from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ghana Immigration Service, NADMO, Ministry of Gender, Department of Social Welfare, and the Ghana Health Service.

Upon arrival, they underwent immigration and health screening and received immediate humanitarian assistance including food, psychosocial support, and transportation. They will also be enrolled in reintegration programmes offering livelihood assistance, vocational skills training, and other socio-economic empowerment initiatives.

But 144 returnees represent a fraction of the Ghanaians still trapped. Seven evacuation flights have been scheduled to facilitate the return of stranded Ghanaians who have registered for the government-supported repatriation exercise. According to IOM Ghana, more than 8,000 Ghanaian migrants have been supported to return home voluntarily since 2017, including 2,077 in 2025 alone.

“Worse Than South Africa”

During a recent fact-finding mission to Libya, Member of Parliament for Kintampo South, Felicia Adjei, described the conditions endured by undocumented Ghanaian migrants in Libya as “worse than the current wave of anti-immigrant violence in South Africa”—a comparison that underscores the severity of the crisis.

The government has urged Ghanaians considering migration abroad to pursue safe, regular, and legal migration pathways, warning against the dangers posed by irregular migration and human smuggling networks.

A Crisis Without End

The IOM estimates that the number of migrants in Libya has grown by roughly 33 per cent since 2024, now representing about 13 per cent of Libya’s total population. Despite a decline in migration inflows and outflows in early 2026, the structural vulnerabilities facing migrants remain profound.

Mass graves have been discovered. Secret underground prisons have been uncovered. Air strikes have killed scores of migrants in their detention centres. And still, they come, driven by economic hardship, conflict, and the desperate hope of a better life.

For the 144 Ghanaians who made it home, the nightmare is over. For the 936,000 still trapped in Libya’s migrant hell, the journey continues.

Africa Watch

Beyond the Music: Maxwell’s South Africa Cancellation Sparks Conversation About Celebrity Image

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Sometimes the biggest fashion story is about the outfit that never makes it onto the stage.

The cancellation of Maxwell’s highly anticipated South African concerts has left thousands of fans disappointed, but it has also sparked a different conversation about the lasting influence of celebrity image.

The Grammy-winning R&B icon was due to perform at Pretoria’s SunBet Arena on 8 August and Cape Town’s Grand Arena, GrandWest on 11 August before announcing that “unforeseen circumstances beyond my control” had forced him to cancel both appearances.

Promoters later confirmed that Maxwell would not be travelling to South Africa at any point in 2026, with hopes now pinned on rescheduled dates in 2027.

For an artist like Maxwell, a concert has always been about more than the music. His carefully cultivated aesthetic—sharp tailoring, luxurious fabrics, understated jewellery and his unmistakable natural hair—has become inseparable from his artistic identity.

Long before “quiet luxury” became a fashion buzzword, Maxwell embodied refined elegance that never relied on excess. His wardrobe has consistently reflected the same qualities found in his music: confidence, restraint and timeless sophistication.

That visual identity helps explain why the cancelled performances feel like a cultural loss beyond the concert calendar.

Fans were preparing not only to hear classics performed live but also to witness an artist whose presence has shaped men’s style across generations.

His look has influenced performers, stylists and fashion-conscious audiences who appreciate clothing that speaks through craftsmanship rather than spectacle.

Online speculation has attempted to explain the cancellation, with some social media users questioning whether recent concerns about xenophobic tensions in South Africa played a role.

There is, however, no evidence supporting that claim, and neither Maxwell nor the event promoters have linked the decision to safety concerns. Until an official explanation emerges, the reason remains unknown.

What remains certain is that Maxwell’s influence extends beyond the stage. Even in his absence, his personal brand continues to remind the entertainment industry that true style is not measured by appearances alone, but by the lasting impression an artist leaves wherever their name is announced.

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Africa Watch

‘Africa Is Not a Monolith’: American Living in Tanzania Pushes Back Against Global Stereotypes

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An American woman living in Tanzania has shared a candid account of life in East Africa and challenging what she says are some of the world’s most persistent misconceptions about the continent.

E’Layjiah Wooley, an international creative curator based in Tanzania, recently posted a video highlighting everyday realities of living in the East African nation, arguing that many assumptions people make about Africa are rooted in oversimplified stereotypes.

“Africa is not what you think,” Wooley said, as she walked viewers through aspects of daily life ranging from housing and grocery shopping to cultural norms and public services.

Her remarks have resonated with viewers interested in relocation, travel and the growing movement among members of the African diaspora choosing to build lives on the continent.

Challenging misconceptions about Africa

One of Wooley’s central messages is that Africa should not be viewed as a single cultural entity.

She said she is frequently asked whether she eats fufu, a dish commonly associated with parts of West Africa, despite living thousands of miles away in Tanzania.

“This is East Africa, not West Africa,” she said, expressing frustration over the assumption that customs and cuisines are the same across the continent.

The distinction reflects Africa’s vast diversity. Home to 54 internationally recognized countries, the continent encompasses thousands of ethnic groups, languages and cultural traditions that vary significantly from one region to another.

Wooley also addressed another common misconception—that living in an African village necessarily means living in rudimentary conditions.

She explained that her village consists of modern homes, including her own, with neighboring properties that are similarly large.

“It’s not what you think,” she said.

A balanced view of daily life

Rather than portraying Tanzania through either idealized or negative narratives, Wooley described both its advantages and challenges.

She noted that power outages can occur without warning, sharing that her electricity was recently unavailable for several hours.

She also recalled an uncomfortable encounter while visiting Zanzibar, where an elderly man criticized her clothing despite her believing she was dressed modestly.

The experience, she said, reflected the importance of understanding regional cultural expectations, particularly in areas with more conservative religious traditions.

At the same time, Wooley praised Tanzania’s food, tea and access to fresh produce, explaining that she grows some of her own fruits and vegetables while purchasing other items from local markets.

She said buying locally often helps reduce grocery costs, even though imported products—such as cheese—can be significantly more expensive than many newcomers expect.

Advice for prospective visitors and expatriates

Wooley also offered practical observations for people considering a move to Tanzania.

Among her recommendations was learning basic Swahili numbers before shopping, arguing that doing so can help visitors navigate local markets more confidently.

She noted that rent is commonly paid every three or six months, rather than monthly, and said many purchases are made without relying on consumer credit.

Another cultural difference she highlighted was Tanzania’s strong sense of community, observing that disagreements in public often attract attention from bystanders.

A growing conversation about life in Africa

Wooley’s reflections come as interest in relocating to Africa continues to grow among members of the African diaspora and other international residents seeking new opportunities abroad.

Countries including Tanzania, Ghana, Rwanda and Kenya have attracted increasing attention in recent years from entrepreneurs, retirees, digital professionals and families interested in living on the continent.

While social media often presents highly curated images of life overseas, Wooley’s account attempts to present a more balanced perspective—one that acknowledges inconveniences while celebrating the richness of local culture and community.

Ultimately, her message extends beyond Tanzania itself.

By encouraging audiences to look beyond stereotypes, Wooley argues that understanding Africa begins with recognizing its diversity rather than treating the continent as a single, uniform place.

As she put it, life in Tanzania—and Africa more broadly—is far more complex than many people around the world have been led to believe.

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Africa Watch

‘Africa is Not a Development Story, It’s a Recovery Story’ – Development Economist Challenges Global Narrative

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A prominent development economist has challenged the dominant narrative about Africa’s future, arguing that the continent is not “developing” but rather “recovering” from historical interruptions.

Abir Ibrahim, an author and development economist with over a decade of experience in policy and global affairs across African and international institutions, made the case during a recent speaking engagement at the University of Oxford.

Development assumes you are starting from zero

“When we describe Africa as ‘developing,’ we often frame progress as importing ideas, institutions and solutions from elsewhere,” Ibrahim said in a video accompanying her remarks.

The central question she posed was: What knowledge and innovation already existed? Which systems worked? What was interrupted? And how can we learn and build from them today?

“Development assumes you are starting from zero. It assumes there was nothing here, and now you’re building from scratch. And the only question becomes how fast we can catch up to everyone else,” Ibrahim explained.

300,000 years of documented history

Ibrahim argued that the recovery framework acknowledges what was already present on the continent:

“We’re sitting on over 300,000 years of documented history, mathematics carved into bones 20,000 years ago, surgeons performing surgical birth successfully, while the same operation was still killing women across the world.”

She pointed to pre-colonial achievements including cities, universities, trade routes, metallurgy and astronomy—evidence of sophisticated knowledge systems that existed long before external intervention.

“Know what your own people already built”

The development economist emphasised that while frameworks, funding models and strategies can be copied from elsewhere, “knowing what your own people already built is the one thing that anchors your future.”

Ibrahim said she has sat across from many people with strategies for the continent, but added:

“I’d personally much rather listen to someone who can tell me what was already here, what was already built, and why was it interrupted, why did it stop?”

Recovery vs development

The economist concluded that “Africa is not a development story, it’s a recovery story.”

By framing the continent’s trajectory as recovery, she argued, the focus shifts from catch-up to rediscovery—building on existing foundations rather than importing foreign models.

“History is required to drive innovation and economic growth. A tree can’t grow without its roots,” Ibrahim said.

A call to action

Ibrahim’s message extends beyond academia to investors, policymakers and development practitioners.

“The most valuable thing in any series about investment and building impact in a continent is to study the history, find the patterns, and then rebuild from what’s already there,” she said.

Her remarks have sparked conversation about how development institutions, governments and investors approach the continent—and whether current strategies adequately recognise and leverage Africa’s rich historical foundations.

Abir Ibrahim is an author and development economist with over a decade of experience in policy and global affairs within global and African institutions.

She has travelled to more than 50 countries and shares insights on creating a life of impact. She was invited to speak at the University of Oxford in July 2026.

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