Africa Watch
Trump Brings Congo and Rwanda Leaders to Washington in New Push Towards Peace
U.S. President Donald Trump on Thursday, December 4, 2025, hosted Rwandan President Paul Kagame and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) President Felix Tshisekedi in Washington as his administration pressed for a breakthrough in one of Africa’s most volatile conflicts — even as fresh fighting continued in eastern Congo.
The two leaders reaffirmed an economic integration compact agreed last month and formally signed a U.S.-brokered peace deal first announced in June but never implemented.
Agreements, the Washington Accords for Peace and Security, covering critical minerals, security cooperation, and economic partnerships, were also signed.
For Washington, the meeting was part of a renewed diplomatic blitz as the Trump administration attempts to demonstrate global leadership. But for many in the region, the timing feels out of step with reality on the ground.
A Peace Deal While War Rages
Hours before the two presidents arrived in Washington, clashes erupted between Congo’s army and the M23 rebel group in South Kivu, according to Reuters, underscoring how far the region remains from lasting peace.
M23, widely believed to be backed by Rwanda — a claim Kigali denies — seized the two largest cities in eastern Congo earlier this year in an offensive that raised fears of a regional war.
In Washington, Congolese government spokesperson Patrick Muyaya blamed the latest violence on M23, calling it “proof that Rwanda doesn’t want peace.” The rebel group, which is not attending the U.S. talks and is not obliged to respect the agreement, accused Congolese troops of bombing civilian areas.
Both sides have repeatedly accused each other of violating ceasefires renewed just last month.
Diplomacy With High Stakes
The Trump administration argues that its push has helped stop the fighting from spiraling further. A senior U.S. official said the new signing “recommits the parties to the peace process” and follows months of pressure from President Trump, who told Kagame and Tshisekedi the “status quo was unacceptable.”
Still, analysts caution that the deal lacks mechanisms to address the conflict’s core drivers — from resource control to political grievances — and risks being overshadowed by the scramble for minerals central to global battery supply chains.
That view is shared by Dr. Denis Mukwege, the Congolese Nobel Peace Prize laureate known for his work with survivors of wartime sexual violence. Speaking from Paris, he questioned the sincerity of the process.
“For me, it is clear that this is not a peace agreement,” he said. “The proof: this morning, in my native village, people were burying the dead while a peace agreement was being signed. The M23 continues to seize territory.”
Symbolism in Washington
Ahead of Thursday’s meeting, Trump’s name was added to a sign outside the United States Institute of Peace, the government-created nonprofit where the deal is being signed. The move drew attention in Washington, as the administration earlier this year attempted to wrest control of the institute from its leadership.
For Trump — whose foreign policy record has drawn a mix of praise and criticism — the Congo-Rwanda summit adds to a list of high-profile interventions since returning to office. He has scored wins, including a deal in Gaza, but continues to face domestic pressure over inflation and cost-of-living concerns.
What Comes Next?
Whether Thursday’s agreements will shift dynamics in eastern Congo remains deeply uncertain. The peace deal still excludes M23, the main fighting force. The economic integration compact may help create long-term incentives for cooperation, but only if hostilities decrease.
For millions of civilians caught in the conflict, the signing ceremony in Washington offers little immediate relief. The humanitarian crisis — from displacement to reports of sexual violence — continues to worsen with each round of fighting.
The real test, regional observers note, will be whether Kagame and Tshisekedi can turn U.S. pressure into political will at home — and whether Washington’s push for stability aligns with the needs of a region where minerals, militias, and mistrust have fueled conflict for decades.
Africa Watch
United States Intensifies Operation in Nigeria as 3 Military Aircraft Deliver Ammunition and More Troops
At least three United States military transport aircraft landed at the Bornu Military Airbase (Maiduguri) and other northeastern bases between Thursday and Friday, February 12–13, 2026.
Reports by Nigerian newspaper Punch, the aircraft delivered ammunition, logistics support, and the vanguard of a planned deployment of American personnel, citing multiple defence sources.
The arrivals were first noted by The New York Times, which reported that C-17 Globemaster III cargo planes landed in Maiduguri on Thursday night, with three aircraft visible by Friday evening as equipment was offloaded. Additional flights were expected over the weekend and in the coming weeks.
A US Department of Defense official described the initial landings as “the vanguard of what will be a stream of C-17 transport flights into three main locations across Nigeria.”
Senior Nigerian Defence Headquarters officers, speaking anonymously to Sunday Punch, confirmed the aircraft carried ammunition supplied by the US government as part of ongoing bilateral security cooperation.
“Following Nigeria-US bilateral talks on security, the American government will not only deploy soldiers but also provide necessary logistics, including ammunition, to fight the insurgents.”
Another high-ranking source explained that the deliveries were routine replenishment of ammunition stocks after operations, noting that Nigeria’s military frequently requires resupply of various calibres.
The officers described the support as coordinated under the National Security Adviser and part of a broader partnership to end insecurity.
A separate X post by counter-terrorism tracker @mobilisingniger reported that a US Air Force C-130J-30 cargo aircraft landed at Kaduna International Airport on Friday after departing from Ghana, fuelling speculation that Kaduna could serve as a training hub for US personnel working with the Nigerian military.
The deployment aligns with President Donald Trump’s 2025 declaration that he would send US forces to Nigeria if the government failed to address what he called “genocide against Christians,” followed by Nigeria’s designation as a Country of Particular Concern. The US carried out an airstrike on Islamic State fighters in Sokoto State on Christmas Day 2025, and bilateral engagements have since deepened.
Experts offered mixed but largely pragmatic assessments. Retired Nigerian Army Intelligence officer Chris Andrew clarified that the arrivals involve technical trainers, drone specialists, and intelligence advisers — not combat troops. He noted recent improvements in Nigerian air operations following US training and suggested Nigeria should seize the opportunity to host a drone base (potentially in Sambisa Forest) after the US withdrawal from Niger.
When U.S. launched strikes against terrorists in Sokoto in December 2025, Security analyst and international intelligence expert Kasambata Yaro cautioned that even a legally sanctioned military operation can generate unease across the region.
“Although Nigeria’s explicit consent addresses the fundamental legal question of sovereignty,” Yaro told Ghana News Global, “the broader regional implications remain complex.”
Nigerian security analyst Chidi Omeje has also told Punch that any cooperation must preserve Nigerian sovereignty, with no foreign troops conducting operations without approval.
The US deployment is expected to focus on targeted counter-terrorism support, drone operations, precision air capabilities, and training to protect vulnerable communities, particularly Christians in the northeast.
No official joint statement has been issued by the Nigerian Defence Headquarters or the US Embassy as of February 16, 2026, but the arrivals signal a significant deepening of US–Nigeria security cooperation amid persistent Boko Haram and ISWAP threats.
Africa Watch
Ghana Elected First Vice-Chair of African Union for 2026 as Burundi Assumes Chairmanship
Ghana has been elected First Vice-Chair of the African Union (AU) for 2026 during the 46th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on February 14, 2026.
President John Dramani Mahama’s nomination was unanimously endorsed by AU member states, placing Ghana in the second-highest leadership position of the continental body for the coming year.
Burundi’s President Évariste Ndayishimiye officially assumed the AU Chairmanship, succeeding Angola’s João Lourenço, while the full Bureau now reflects balanced regional representation across Africa’s five geographic zones.
The election underscores Ghana’s growing diplomatic influence and its active role in advancing the AU’s core priorities: deepening continental integration, accelerating the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), strengthening peace and security mechanisms, mobilising climate finance, and advancing institutional reforms.

During the summit, President Mahama delivered remarks reinforcing Ghana’s commitment to these goals, including renewed calls for regional manufacturing hubs, vaccine production capacity, and a UN resolution on reparatory justice for the transatlantic slave trade. Ghana’s First Vice-Chair position will give the country a prominent platform to champion these issues over the next 12 months.
The 46th AU Summit, held February 13–18, 2026, adopted the 2026 theme “Assuring Sustainable Water Availability and Safe Sanitation Systems to Achieve the Goals of Agenda 2063,” with leaders also addressing ongoing conflicts, debt burdens, and global economic pressures affecting Africa.
Ghana’s elevation to First Vice-Chair is widely seen as recognition of its consistent advocacy for Pan-African unity, democratic governance, and economic transformation — principles central to the “Reset Ghana” agenda.
Africa Watch
Ghana Continues Push for UN Resolution on Transatlantic Slave Trade Reparations at AU Summit
Ghana has formally urged the African Union (AU) to rally continental support for a proposed United Nations resolution seeking international acknowledgment, accountability, and reparatory justice for the transatlantic slave trade and its enduring legacies.
The call was made during the 46th Ordinary Session of the AU Assembly of Heads of State and Government in Addis Ababa on February 13, 2026.
Ghana’s delegation, led by President John Dramani Mahama, stated that the resolution — currently under discussion at the UN — aims to establish a global framework for formal apology, acknowledgment of historical harm, educational reforms, economic reparations, and debt cancellation for affected nations.
Ghana argued that the slave trade, which forcibly removed an estimated 12–15 million Africans between the 15th and 19th centuries, created lasting structural inequalities, underdevelopment, and racial injustice that persist today. The country positioned the resolution as a moral, legal, and economic imperative for global healing and development justice.
Key elements Ghana is advocating for in the UN text include:
- Official recognition of the transatlantic slave trade as a crime against humanity
- Establishment of an international reparations mechanism
- Support for education curricula reforms worldwide to teach the full history and impact of the trade
- Debt relief and development financing for African nations as partial reparatory measures
- Preservation and digitisation of slave trade archives and memorials
The proposal builds on Ghana’s long-standing leadership on reparations, including the 2019 Year of Return, the establishment of the Emancipation Day holiday, and hosting of multiple Pan-African reparations conferences. It also aligns with the AU’s 2025 Theme of the Year: “Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations.”
Ghana’s delegation called on fellow AU member states to co-sponsor the resolution, lobby permanent members of the UN Security Council, and mobilise support in the General Assembly. Several leaders expressed solidarity during closed-door discussions, with follow-up coordination expected through the AU’s Committee of Fifteen on Reparations.
The move reflects Ghana’s continued role as a voice for historical justice and Pan-African solidarity on the global stage.
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