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‘They’re Forcing Us Off Our Own Land’: Ghana’s Cocoa Farmers Under Siege as Illegal Mining Accelerates

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Ghana’s world-famous cocoa belt is under assault, as farmers across key growing regions say they are being pressured, intimidated and in some cases forcibly removed from their land by illegal gold mining operators.

Reports say the situation is fast developing into a rapidly expanding crisis that now threatens one of the country’s most important industries.

For the third straight global crop season, Ghana and neighbouring Côte d’Ivoire — which together produce more than half of the world’s cocoa — have failed to meet international demand. But beyond extreme weather and plant disease, farmers say a quieter and more frightening force is hollowing out Ghana’s cocoa heartland: galamsey.

Illegal mining is swallowing cocoa farms

Illegal mining — often backed by well-financed networks and Chinese operators using heavy machinery — has moved aggressively into cocoa-rich districts, converting fertile farmland into scarred, chemical-polluted pits at a speed smallholders cannot match.

Farmers in Ashanti, Western North, Eastern and parts of Bono say miners frequently arrive with excavators and cash, pressuring them to sell land that has been in families for generations.

“When they come, they don’t negotiate,” one farmer lamented in a community interview this month. “They bring bulldozers and tell you the farm is theirs now. What can one farmer do?”

Reports from local assemblies and agronomists confirm similar patterns:

  • Some farmers are intimidated into selling for lump sums.
  • Others watch their cocoa trees destroyed overnight by machinery.
  • In several cases, miners seize farmland outright, daring farmers to go to court — a fight most cannot afford.

A recent economic downturn has made the situation even more volatile. As Ghana battled inflation that peaked at 54% in 2022, many struggling farmers felt cornered into accepting cash for land they otherwise would never part with.

Cocoa output plunges — and global markets feel the shock

The consequences are now visible on supermarket shelves around the world. Chocolate manufacturers have warned of steep price hikes heading into 2025–2026 as Ghana’s production continues to slide.

“What’s happening in Ghana is not a small problem — it’s structural,” says one international commodities analyst based in London. “If cocoa farms keep turning into illegal mines, supply won’t recover anytime soon.”

The crisis is also threatening rural livelihoods. Cocoa is the backbone of many communities, funding schools, clinics, electricity projects and family income for millions. When the cocoa trees disappear, so does the community’s economic engine.

A battle between survival and sovereignty

At the center of the crisis is a haunting paradox: families who have fed the world with cocoa for decades now stand to lose their land , not because they abandoned farming, but because the land beneath their trees is too valuable.

Galamsey operators are capitalizing on the desperation created by economic hardship.

“Farmers aren’t selling because they want to,” says a regional cocoa extension officer. “They’re selling because they feel they have no choice.”

What’s at stake for Ghana

If illegal mining continues at its current pace, agricultural experts warn Ghana could lose vast sections of its cocoa-growing corridor within a decade. Soil poisoning from mining chemicals further complicates any hope of replanting.

The stakes are enormous:

  • Cocoa contributes billions to Ghana’s economy.
  • It supports 800,000+ farming households.
  • It anchors Ghana’s reputation as a global cocoa powerhouse.

Without urgent intervention — from land protection enforcement to economic support for smallholders — Ghana risks sacrificing a cornerstone of its national identity for short-term gold extraction.

The human cost grows, even as the machines keep digging

Behind the statistics are farmers losing generational land, families forced to relocate, and communities fractured by fear.

“It’s not just cocoa we’re losing,” another farmer said quietly. “It’s our way of life.”

As illegal mining expands and international cocoa buyers look on anxiously, Ghana’s struggle to defend its farmland has become more than an agricultural issue, it is now a fight over sovereignty, environmental survival, and the country’s most treasured export.

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Young Self-Taught Black Inventor Julian Brown Develops Revolutionary Plastic-to-Fuel Technology

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Atlanta, USA – A young Black inventor from Atlanta, Julian Brown, has stunned the scientific community and gone viral worldwide after developing a backyard process that converts everyday plastic waste into usable diesel, gasoline, and jet fuel.

Born in Tennessee and raised in Atlanta, Brown — a self-taught welder with no formal degree or laboratory — created a system called “Plastoline.”

Using an upgraded form of pyrolysis (a thermal decomposition process), enhanced with microwaves and solar energy for cleaner conversion, he built a small reactor capable of turning discarded plastics back into high-quality fuel.

Independent tests reportedly confirmed that the diesel and gasoline produced are among the most refined seen, and he has successfully powered vehicles with the fuel in live demonstrations.

Brown launched a startup called Nature Jab and began sharing his experiments on Instagram and TikTok, where the videos quickly gained millions of views globally. Despite suffering second-degree burns in a reactor explosion, he refused to abandon the project.

He attempted to raise $1 million to scale the technology but secured only tens of thousands of dollars. In July 2025, he posted that he was under attack before temporarily vanishing from public view.

He has since re-emerged, with supporters calling for his protection and greater investment in his work.

The innovation has sparked particular excitement across Africa, where plastic waste accumulates in massive quantities in landfills and communities.

Experts say Brown’s technology could offer a practical solution for turning waste into energy, addressing both environmental pollution and fuel shortages on the continent.

Commentators have criticised the lack of substantial support from investors and the broader community, questioning why a breakthrough with such transformative potential, especially from a young Black inventor, has not received wider backing.

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MTN Signals Major Data Center Investment Plans in Ghana

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Accra, Ghana – MTN Group is exploring significant investments in data centers in Ghana as Part of its digital push.

The telecoms giant says the move is a natural extension of its broader digital infrastructure strategy in one of its most important African markets.

Group Chief Executive Officer Ralph Mupita made the announcement during a strategic visit to Ghana at the beginning of 2026. He said the company is keen to partner with both public and private stakeholders to develop large-scale data centers that would enhance cloud computing, data storage, and digital service capabilities across the country.

Mupita stated that such facilities are critical to supporting Ghana’s long-term digital transformation and economic growth.

He acknowledged, however, that establishing world-class data centers would require addressing key infrastructure challenges, particularly reliable power supply, suitable land, and advanced cooling systems. MTN is therefore considering collaborative models to ensure projects meet both commercial viability and sustainability standards.

During his engagements, Mupita held discussions with MTN Ghana’s leadership, regulators, and senior government officials, including the Bank of Ghana, the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre, and Minister for Communications, Digital Technology and Innovations, Sam George.

He described Ghana as a priority market that “feels like home” and reaffirmed the Group’s commitment to deepening investments in digital infrastructure and financial inclusion.

On the fintech front, Mupita highlighted plans to expand mobile money services while working closely with the central bank to strengthen fraud prevention through artificial intelligence.

The visit underscored MTN’s ambition to remain a key partner in Ghana’s digital economy, driving innovation, job creation, and inclusive growth.

MTN Ghana (Scancom PLC) is the dominant telecommunications market leader in Ghana and has been recognized as a top-performing operation within the MTN Group. The company is actively shifting from a traditional telco to a technology platform company, with a focus on fintech (Mobile Money) and digital inclusion.

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New Cashew Processing Plant and Fertilizer Facility to be Set Up in Ghana

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Accra, Ghana – Ghana’s Ministry of Food and Agriculture has signed three Memoranda of Understanding with Chinese firm SENTUO Group Limited to drive agro-industrial growth through major new investments in processing, fertiliser production, and farmer support services.

The agreements, signed in Accra on Tuesday, include the establishment of a cashew processing plant at Sampa in the Bono Region and a fertiliser manufacturing facility. SENTUO will also roll out 30 Farmer Service Centres nationwide to improve access to quality inputs, mechanisation services, and technical support for farmers.

The projects are expected to create significant employment opportunities, particularly for young people, while enhancing value addition and reducing Ghana’s reliance on raw commodity exports.

Minister for Food and Agriculture Eric Opoku described the partnership as a major step toward the government’s Agriculture for Economic Transformation Agenda.

“We are ready to industrialise Ghana’s agriculture,” he said, adding that the cashew plant will process both nuts and apples to maximise returns across the entire value chain.

He emphasised the need to move from exporting raw produce to building a vibrant, value-driven agro-industrial economy.

The Chairman of SENTUO Group Limited, Xu Mingjuan, said the company’s nearly 20 years of operation in Ghana and the current government’s 24-hour economy policy had encouraged further investment. He confirmed that engineers have already started preliminary work on the projects.

The deals signal growing Chinese interest in Ghana’s agricultural transformation and are expected to strengthen food security, boost exports, and create sustainable jobs across the value chain.

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