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ECOWAS Clashes With Ghana Over New Airport Taxes

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The regional body says Ghana’s $100 infrastructure levy and $18 security charge violate a binding agreement to slash air transport taxes, warning the measures could make West African travel unaffordable.


The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has raised strong objections to new aviation-related taxes introduced by Ghana, warning in a sharply worded letter that the measures contradict agreed regional reforms and could undermine West Africa’s air transport sector.

In the letter signed by ECOWAS Commission President Omar Alieu Touray, the regional body says Ghana’s new charges go against Supplementary Act A/SA.2/12/24, under which ECOWAS leaders agreed to abolish several air transport-related taxes, including ticket taxes, tourism levies, solidarity taxes, and overseas travel taxes, effective January 2026.

Member states also agreed to reduce key charges such as Passenger Service Charges and security fees to make air travel more affordable and improve regional integration.

Ghana’s New Levies: $100 Infrastructure Fee, $18 Security Charge

According to the ECOWAS Commission, Ghana has moved in the opposite direction of the binding agreement.

“The ECOWAS Commission has therefore noted with concern that the Government of Ghanaโ€ฆ imposed a new security charge of $18 on return ticket effective February 1st, 2026,” the letter stated.

It further cited an additional levy: “Ghana Airport Company Limited has as of 1st April 2026, imposed an Airport Infrastructure Development Levy of $100 on return international travel.”

The Commission warned that these measures directly contradict the regional agreement and international aviation principles, referencing International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) guidelines that discourage excessive taxation on air transport.

‘Rendering Air Travel Unaffordable’

ECOWAS linked the new charges to a broader crisis of affordability in West African aviation, warning that the levies risk worsening the financial burden on passengers already affected by rising aviation fuel costs.

“Rendering air travel unaffordable for many Ghanaians and West African travellers alike,” the letter stated. “This situation is not boosting growth in demand for Air Transport in our region, but rather stifling passenger travel.”

The Commission pointed to weak passenger performance across major West African airports, including Accra, Lagos, Abidjan, and Dakar, blaming high taxes for suppressed demand despite the region’s strong population potential.

“The major cause of suppressed demand in the ECOWAS Region” is “over taxation and excessive charges,” it said.

Warning of Traffic Diversion to Competing Hubs

ECOWAS further cautioned that continued reliance on such charges could shift traffic away from the region entirely.

“The continued taxation of the Air Transport sector will only divert regional traffic to competing hubs,” the Commission warned โ€” a reference to non-ECOWAS airports in Casablanca, Addis Ababa, and Dubai that could capture passengers priced out of West African routes.

The reforms agreed to under the Supplementary Act, ECOWAS noted, were backed by international aviation bodies and driven by concerns that West Africa remains one of the most expensive regions for air travel charges globally.

ECOWAS Demands Immediate Suspension

The regional body is now urging Ghana to reverse course.

“In light of the foregoing, the ECOWAS Commission urges the Government of Ghana to immediately suspend the newly imposed charges,” the letter stated.

It also encouraged Ghana to explore alternative financing models for aviation infrastructure, including private-sector partnerships and support from development banks, rather than relying on passenger-facing levies that undermine regional integration goals.

The issue is expected to form part of a regional review, with ECOWAS confirming it will present a progress report on implementation at upcoming ministerial and summit meetings.

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Ghanaian Firms Inject โ‚ฌ425,000 of Own Funds to Ignite ‘Made in Ghana’ Health Innovation

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In a powerful demonstration of local ownership, Ghanaian research institutions and pharmaceutical manufacturers are contributing an additional โ‚ฌ425,000 of their own money to implement innovative health projects, signaling a robust commitment to advancing homegrown medical solutions beyond relying on foreign aid alone.

The co-funding is part of a โ‚ฌ2 million grant package awarded under the PharmaVax Ghana program, backed by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and the European Union (EU).

The initiative is designed to bridge the critical gap between scientific discovery and industrial-scale manufacturing within Ghana.

While the grants provide vital financial fuel, the local co-investmentโ€”which ranges from โ‚ฌ10,000 to โ‚ฌ150,000 across the eight winning projectsโ€”represents a crucial “skin in the game” approach.

It shows that local institutions are not merely passive recipients of aid, but active stakeholders willing to risk their own capital to bring products to the market. This practical commitment underscores the sustainability of the projects, ensuring they are not abandoned once international funding cycles end.

The projects span a wide range of medical priorities, including fast-dissolving oral tablets for child-friendly malaria treatment, AI-powered diagnostic tools for Mpox and malaria, standardized herbal treatments for hypertension and liver disease, and stability data for locally produced tetanus-diphtheria vaccines.

Highlighting the importance of this local participation, Dr. Sodzi Sodzi-Tettey, Chief Executive Officer of the National Vaccine Institute (NVI), emphasized that the funds are meant to catalyze local capabilities.

“Ghana has the scientific talent, the research institutions and an increasingly capable pharmaceutical industry to develop health solutions that respond to our own priorities,” he stated. “By bringing these strengths together, we are creating the foundation for medicines and vaccines that are developed in Ghana, manufactured in Ghana, and have the potential to benefit the wider region.”

Ghana’s Minister of Health, Hon. Kwabena Mintah Akandoh, echoed this sentiment, noting that the initiative marks a journey where researchers and manufacturers collaborate to transform scientific discoveries into life-saving products.

The โ‚ฌ425,000 in local contributionsโ€”combined with the โ‚ฌ2 million in grants and technical assistance from the EU and Germanyโ€”positions Ghana as a rising hub for pharmaceutical industrialization in West Africa, moving the nation closer to health security and economic self-reliance.

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From Default to Discipline: How Ghana is Legally Binding Itself to Prevent the Next Debt Crisis

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Fresh off a landmark agreement with Belgium that eases its debt burden, Ghanaโ€™s Finance Minister, Dr. Cassiel Ato Forson, has unveiled a sweeping package of legal and institutional reforms designed to permanently prevent the country from sliding back into the fiscal chaos that triggered its 2022 sovereign default.

The deal with Belgium to restructure โ‚ฌ163 million in debt owed to the countryโ€™s Export Credit Agency marks a pivotal step towards completing Ghanaโ€™s broader debt restructuring program. Crucially, the agreement frees up much-needed “fiscal space” by slashing the amount of national revenue consumed by debt servicing. Minister Forson revealed that Ghanaโ€™s debt-service burden has fallen drastically from a crippling peak of roughly 50% to 55% of national revenue to less than 20% todayโ€”a shift that directly impacts the government’s ability to fund schools, hospitals, and roads.

However, the most significant aspect of Ghanaโ€™s strategy is its attempt to codify fiscal prudence into law, ensuring that the discipline learned from the crisis is not lost by future administrations.

A Three-Pronged Strategy for Fiscal Discipline

1. The Commitment Authorization Regime
At the core of the immediate controls is a strict mandate for all Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs). Under the amended Public Financial Management Act, no government institution can initiate a contract for goods, services, or works without first securing commitment authorization from the Finance Minister . This process, integrated with the Ghana Integrated Financial Management Information System (GIFMIS), acts as a “roadblock” to prevent overspending and the accumulation of hidden arrearsโ€”a practice that historically poisoned the country’s finances.

2. Binding Fiscal Rules in Law
Beyond day-to-day controls, the government has instituted statutory targets to ensure long-term solvency. The Public Financial Management Act has been amended to require a minimum annual primary surplus of 1.5% of GDP and to cap the national debt-to-GDP ratio at 45% by 2034 . These are not policy recommendations but binding legal requirements, with the Finance Minister potentially facing censure for breaching these targets.

3. Independent Oversight Institutions
To guarantee that fiscal responsibility is maintained even after Ghana concludes its International Monetary Fund (IMF) programme, the government has established two powerful oversight bodies:

  • The Value for Money Office: Parliament passed the Value-for-Money Office Bill in March 2026, creating an independent body to scrutinize major public expenditure. This office will combat inflated contracts, cost overruns, and abandoned projects by issuing mandatory “Value for Money Certificates” before major contracts are awarded.
  • The Independent Fiscal Council: The government is establishing a council composed of locally appointed experts to provide advisory support on financial controls and fiscal decision-making . This council, scheduled to take effect after the IMF programme ends, aims to strengthen domestic oversight and accountability, ensuring that Ghana owns its fiscal destiny.

From Recovery to Sustainability

Finance Minister Ato Forson is clear about the goal: “We want to ensure that the fiscal rules that we have instituted today are enshrined in law, so that even if this government is not there, the next government will have to make sure that these fiscal rules are respected” .

The Belgium agreement is the immediate piece of good news that provides tangible reliefโ€”allowing Ghana to redirect more resources towards essential public services. But the real measure of Ghana’s recovery will be its ability to enforce these new legal shackles.

By moving from crisis management to institutionalized discipline, Ghana is attempting to break the cycle of over-borrowing, arrears, and economic collapse that has plagued the nation for decades.

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EU and Germany Inject โ‚ฌ2 Million into Ghana to Boost ‘Made in Africa’ Pharma Production

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In a significant boost to Africaโ€™s push for pharmaceutical self-reliance, the European Union (EU) and Germany have injected โ‚ฌ2 million into Ghana to bridge the critical gap between laboratory research and industrial-scale manufacturing.

The funding, awarded under the PharmaVax Ghana programme, has been distributed to eight groundbreaking research partnerships aimed at developing and manufacturing medicines and vaccines locally, drastically reducing the continent’s historical reliance on imported drugs.

The announcement came during the “Research Meets Manufacturing” Award Ceremony in Accra on August 19, co-hosted by Ghanaโ€™s National Vaccine Institute (NVI) and the German development agency GIZ.

The grants are jointly funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and the European Union (EU) as part of the broader Team Europe Initiative on Manufacturing and Access to Vaccines, Medicines and Health Technologies in Africa (MAV+).

This strategic geopolitical and economic move underscores Western Europe’s commitment to backing local African manufacturing ecosystems, countering the long-standing structural imbalance where Africa imports over 90% of its pharmaceuticals.

“A ceremony marks the beginning of an important journeyโ€”a journey that brings researchers, manufacturers, government and international partners together to transform scientific discoveries into medicines and vaccines that save and improve lives,” said Hon. Kwabena Mintah Akandoh, Ghanaโ€™s Minister of Health, during the event.

Innovation Across the Health Spectrum
The eight winning projects, selected from 43 competitive proposals by an independent committee of nine Ghanaian experts, represent the breadth of the nationโ€™s scientific talent. They include:

  • AI-driven monoclonal antibodies and diagnostics for Mpox and malaria, using a Ghanaian artificial intelligence platform.
  • Fast-dissolving oral tablets for the treatment of malaria in children, addressing critical issues of accurate dosing.
  • Clinical trials for locally developed herbal treatments for prostate health, hypertension, and alcohol-related liver disease.
  • Stability data generation to support regulatory approval of locally produced tetanus-diphtheria vaccines, snake venom antiserum, and pain management therapies.

A Foundation for Health Sovereignty
Dr. Sodzi Sodzi-Tettey, Chief Executive Officer of the National Vaccine Institute, emphasized that the grants go far beyond financial aid.

“Ghana has the scientific talent, the research institutions and an increasingly capable pharmaceutical industry to develop health solutions that respond to our own priorities,” Dr. Sodzi-Tettey stated. “By bringing these strengths together, we are creating the foundation for medicines and vaccines that are developed in Ghana, manufactured in Ghana, and have the potential to benefit the wider region.”

Notably, Ghanaian partners are contributing an additional โ‚ฌ425,000 towards implementing their projects, demonstrating a strong local commitment to advancing homegrown innovation. Alongside the direct funding, the projects will also receive technical assistance, networking opportunities, and knowledge exchange to ensure long-term commercial viability.

As the global health community increasingly looks to localized manufacturing to secure supply chains, this โ‚ฌ2 million initiative serves as a pivotal case study.

It represents a concrete, actionable blueprint for how international development capital can ignite the “Made in Africa” pharmaceutical industrial wave, securing the continentโ€™s health security and driving economic development from within.

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